Process and apparatus for making glassware.



s. Fumo'. PROCESS AND APPARATUS POR MAKING GLASSWARE;

APPLIGATON FILED NOV. 25, 1908. v I

- Patented May 17, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

s. FORGQ. PROCESS AND APPARATUS POR MAKING GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 25, 1908.

Patented May 17, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Tram/Ens PATENT ornions'rnr'iarr renee, or New Yoan, N. Y.

. ?BOCESS AND APPARATUS' FOBv MAKINGGLASSWARE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

rat-.enten May 1a, 1910.

' application aiea ntvember as, 190s. serial No. 464,396.

of glassware more articularly in the form of sheets, plates, ro and'tubes and has for its object to provide means for making glass rapidly in a simple and effective manner and in such a way as to secure a uniform product ha a perfectly smooth, clear and glossy sur ace.

In the accompanying illustrated an apparatus for the manufacture of plate glass according to my inven-v tion.

Figure 1 isy a vertical section of such apparatus; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line 2--2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail vertical section drawn upon yan enlarged scale. Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views of two other forms of m invention and Fig. 6 is a sectional plan ov one of the plate holders shown in Fig. 4.

A is a suitable receptacle made for instance `of lire cla and adapted to contain a mass of molten g ass B, which may be filled in through the openin A. The receptacle is divided b va partition Az into two conipartments 3 and A* communicating by means of apertures A at the bottom of the partition A2. At the top of the outlet compartment A* are set two porous plates C, which, together with end plate C eral way to that of the article to be roduced. Thus in the case of making .p ate glass the cross sectionV of the chamber C2 would be rectangular, as shown. The plates C-converge toward their upper ends, which are placed at a distance from each other corresponding to the desired inal thickness of the glass article to be reproduced. These platesare made of porous material, such as gas-retort carbon, and Lforinthe inner walls adapted tocontain water or of a. chamber D, other li uid which is supplied through pipes D', or t e liquid may circulate as indicated. Adjacent to the up er ends of the lates C is located a roll E ikewise made o crous material, for instance carbon, and this roll of the King of Hungary, and a resiof New York, have in-4 drawings I have' form a, chamber of a shape corresponding in'a gen is kept moist in an means Aof the wick which is'carried by a tank F contai water or other suitable liquid. A suitab e conveyor G -serves to carry lawa the finished material. The opening A ma be closed by means of a plate or cover which is connected with a pipe J for the suppl of comprsed air.

The receptacle A avin'g been filledwith moved, or at least swung aside, said cover is brought to its closi position and compressed airis admitte through the pipe J into thecom artment A3. The pressure causes the mo ten glass to rise in the outlet compartment A4 and intothe chamber C. As soon as the glass reaches the moistened porous plates C C', it becomes cooled and at the same time the water which has reached the inner surfacesof the plates C C-- transformed into steam which rises along said plates in thin films, as indicated at K in Fig. 3, so that the glass is not in actual contact with the mois'tened walls. This is of material advantage for the reason that it prevents the glass from being affected by any inequalities of the plates C and also very materially reduces the friction opposed to the upwardmoweinent of the glass. I am therefore enabled to force .the glass out of the apparatus at a considerable speed, thus scouring a large output. The steam 'and any hot gases mixed therewith also form insulating layers which prevent the sudden cooling .of the glass and allow the coolin to be regulated as desired by giving the p ateS C` the proper sha and by varying the temperature and circulations ing medium. The proportions of the 'parts are so selected that at the time the lass leaves the plates Cat the top, it has n sufficiently cooled to be resistant enough for its further conveyance without endanger. ing the glossy quality of its surface. The steam and other gases escape through apertures Q3 so asto prevent the formation of bubbles in the glass. The lass leaving the upper ends of they plates is still-flexible enough to be bent over the roller E, which cools the glass further and from there on the glass is kept straight, being carriedaway `by a conveyor G or other suitable devices' to a cooling vchamber of. any approved construcfion. i

It rwill-beiiotieed that'the glass'is' expelled by pressure and that-no pulling or` peed of the eool-A y suitable manner as by molten glass while the vcover Hy was redrawing action is exerted on it and I thus avoid any danger of fracturing or stretching the sheet. Even` inthe case that the plates C should have` considerable inequalities, against-which the film of steam and gas' pressed air las a means of expelling the molten glass from its receptacle; of course, other means may be employed for this purpose, for instance a plunger acting on the upper surface of the glass in the compartment A3.

The employment of porous plates C is probably the simplest expedient for producing a lm of as in contact with the glass sheet. Instea of porous plates I may employ plates pesffoi'ated at least in their lower portion, or the gas film instead et resulting from the evaporationl ci water may be produced in other manners, as for instance by means of thin paper strips inserted through the plates C so as to touch the molten glass and be carbonized thereby, the combustion gases performing the same function as the steam nlm hereinbefore referred to.

In Fig, fl the plates C are made of nonporous `material, and are supported upon plate 3. @penings in the lower portions of the sides C are partiall i'illed with plates 1, 2 which are supported7 by holders 5, ,6, 7. IThese holders, at theend opposite to plates l, 2 are formed into loops, as shown for instance in Fig. 6. Rods 4, which are screw threaded and provided with nuts 8, 9 pass through said loo s, and by means of said nuts and loops, t e positions of plates 1, 2 may be adjusted both vertically andy horivzontally. Rods 4 are supported by plate 3 and a horizontal prolongatmn of the Wall of chamber I). The apparatus is provided with doors 10 which, may be removed in order to adjust the position of the plates l, 2. Openings a, which are left between the plates C and lates l, between plates l, 2, and between p ates 2, 3, may be increased or decreased by an adjustment of the holders-5, (3, 7. Thelilm producing substance enters through said apertures a from the chamber-D.

In Fig. 5 I have shown afurther modification in which a roll of paper 18, mounted on shaft 19 is carried by means of hollowI roller 6, between metal pieces 11,13, torming an opening 17 into themassfo glass. Channels l2, 14., l5 are provided in plates 11, 13 and the roller lo respectively in order tractin chamber, means acacia to prevent a premature combustion of the paper. The paper, as it touches the molten gas is carbonized and the combustion gases perform the same function as the steam film 1n the apparat-usY shown in F ig. 1.

I claim as my invention:

l. The herein described process of forming glass, which consists in forcin molten glass by pressure to flow between irecting or molding surfaces, while interposing -a film of gaseous material between said surfaces and the glass and gradually reducing the thickness of the glass as it proceeds between said surfaces.

2. The herein described process of forming glass, which consists in forcing glass lo' pressure to flow 'between irecting or mol ing surfaces while interposing a lm of cool gaseous material between said surfaces and the glass and gradually reducing the thickness ci' the glass as it proceeds be tween said surfaces and is cooled bythe film.

3. The combination of the receptacle divided into an inlet compartment and an ,outlet compartment, means for exerting pressure inthe inlet compartment, two spaced directing members extending fromV the outlet compartment and forming a gradually contracting chamber, and means for producing gaseous lms on the inner surfaces of said members. A

d. rlhe combination of the receptacle di,- vided into' an inlet compartment and an outlet compartment, means for exerting pressure in the inlet compartment, two spaced directing members extending from the out let compartment and forming a gradually contracting chamber, and means for applying a vaporizable liquid to the inner surfaces of said members.

5. The combination oi' the receptacle divided into an inlet compartment and an outlet compartment, means for exerting presmolten sure in the inlet compartment, two spaced a directing members extending from the outlet compartment and forming a gradually contracting chamber, said members being made of porous material, and liquid supply chambers, the inner walls of which are formed by said members.

l 6. The combination of the receptacle divided into an inlet compartment and an outlet compartment, means for exerting pressure in the inlet compartment, two spaced directing members extending from the outlet compartment and forming a gradually con'- or producin gasecus s on the inner surfaces o said members, and a rolleror guiding the glass after its passa e between said members.

'i'. The comination of the receptacle divided into an inlet compartment and an outlet compartment, me for exertingpressure in the inlet compartment,two spaced directing members extending from lthe outlet compartment and formin a gradually con- In witness whereof I have hereunto set my tractinnhamber, means 01' producin gashand in the presence of two subscribing witeous s on the inner surfaces o said nesses., members, a porous roller for guiding the STEPHAN FORG. 5 lass after its passage between said mem- Witnesses:

rs, and means for keeping said roller JOHN LOTKA,

moist. JOHN A. KEHLENBECK. 

